Endnotes

1 Trading under Sail off Japan, 1860-99, Sophia University, Tokyo 1968, pg. 83
2 F.O. archives 466/181. R. Eusden, 12.8.1874
3 Drei und dreissig Jahre in Ost-Asien: Erinnerungen eines deutschen Diplomaten. M. von Brandt. G. Wigand, Leipzig, 1901 Vol.2 pg. 303, translation by the author
4 Reprinted in Oderblatt, 1874, pg. 315.
5 Hakodate Shishi,, History of Hakodate City, Doc 39.
6 Hakodate Shishi, Doc 62
7 Hakodate Shishi, Doc 48.Evidence of Kamata Shichinosuke, 57 years 1 month and Kamata Nintaro, 19 years 9 months.
8 Quoted in The Making of Modern Japan, Marius B. Jansen, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2000.
9 Breaking Open Japan. George Feiffer Smithonian Book,s 2006.
9a. The Western World and Japan. G.B. Sansom, Cresset Pres, London, 1950.
10 Comments on the Constitution by Prince Ito, quoted in Modern Japan and Shinto Nationalism, D.G. Holtom, University of Chicago Press, 1947 pg 5-7
11 Holtom.pg 127
12 The Chrysanthemum and the Sword, Ruth Benedict, Secker & Warburg, 1947. Pg 62-63.
13 The Western World and Japan, G.B. Sansom, Cresset Press, London, 1950. Pg. 344
14 Hakodate Shi-shi. Doc 46.
15 Japan: An Encyplopedia. Kadansha, Tokyo 1993
16 A diplomat in Japan, Sir Ernest Satow, Seely, Service & Co, London 1921. Pg 47.
17 The Samurai, H. Paul Varley, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1970 Pg 22.
18 Sugita Genpaku, quoted in Jansen, pg. 261
19 Sabotaging the Shogun, John McMaster, Vantage Press, New York 1992, pg 30.
20 McMaster pg 34.
21 Dreiunddreissige Jahre in Ost-Asien. Max von Brandt, G. Wigand, Leipzig 1901, vol 2 pg 61.
22 Varley, Pg. 41.
23 Jansen, pg. 295.
24 Satow, pg. 851/855.
25 Hakodate Shishi, doc.6 signed Sugiura Makoto, 2nd officer.
26 Foreign Office dispatch 156 of 21.8.1874
27 Mastermind by Danial Charles, Ecco publishers, New York 2005.
28 Fünfzig Jahre Reichsgericht. Dr. Adolf Lobe, Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1929
29 Information from Frankfurt Jewish community archives and Central Archives of the History of the Jewish people, Jerusalem.
30 Information from Dr. M Keipert of German Foreign Office archives.
31 Bundesarchiv Bestand R 901 Band Nr. 52868. Translation by Victor Price who commented on the tone of the letter that he “found it difficult to reproduce the degree of obsequiousness without actually becoming ridiculous.”
32 Information from Dr. P. Gabrielsson of the State archives of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg.
33 Von Brandt, vol 2, pg. 303-304
34 Japanese Foreign Office archives, file 4/2/5/49. Information from Prof. Jin Matsuka
35 Von Brandt, vol 2, pg. 226.
35 FO despatch 348 of 1874.
36 Takashi Miyanaga, Nichi-doku Bunka Jinbutsu Koryushi, Sanshusha, Tokyo 1993, pg. 376-37 Translation/Summary by Maya Nakamura.
38 Samson pg 190
39 Hakodate Shi-shi (History of Hakodate City). Papers relating to foreigners, Doc 57. Interrogation of Inokuchi Choshichiro, grandfather and Tazaki Tsuru, stepmother.
40 Hakodate Shishi Doc 33. Account of Judge Inoue, Chief Judge, Hakodate
41 Doc 33.
42 Doc 58
43Doc 70
44 Eusden diary, in File FO 46, 181 pg 339. from Sir H. Parkes, National Archives.
45 Doc 83/4
46 Doc 33.
47 London Times, 30th Sept. 1874 et al
48 Hakodate Shish (History of Hakodate City) Papers concerning foreigners, document 2.
49 Doc 62, pg. 23
50 Information from Dr. Takao Saijo referring to inventory in doc 7.
51 Doc 17.
52 Doc 21.
53 Information from Dr. Takao Saijo.
54 Doc 11 signed Sugiura, 2nd officer.
55 Doc 17 signed Sugiura, 2nd officer.
56 Doc 17.
57 Doc 75
58 Doc 24. written by Okajima Yoshinori
59 Doc 46
60 Doc 46 and doc 62.
61 Doc 77.
62 Eusden diary, 17.8.1874 as above
63 Doc 5 signed Shoji Yukichi, 3rd grade constable.
64 ForeignOffice Yedo doc 46 6B pg. 315
65 Eusden diary, 15.8.1874 as above
66 Foreign Office Yedo docs 46 6B, page 181
67 Yearbook of the Japanisch-Deutsche Gesellschaft, Hakodate 1984-1994 pg. 22. Translation by Maya Nakamuro.
68 From Hagakure, quoted in Eiko Ikegami, The Taming of the Samurai, Harvard University Press, 1995, pg. 281.
69 Von Brandt, vol 2, pg. 61
70 Dr. F.S. Kraus quoted in A Companion to the Anthropology of Japan, ed. Jennifer Robertson, Blackwell 2005, pg. 168
71 ‘S’ of Haverstock Hill in Times 30th September 1874.
72 Doc 36
73 Von Brandt, pg. 303. P.F.’s translation
74 Japanese Foreign Office ‘brushwritten documents’ 29-33.
75 Japan Centre for Asian Historical Records. (Information from Prof. Jin Matsuka, 25.8.2005)
76 Doc 44, Hakodate Shi-shi.
77 Doc 44.
78 Japan Daily Herald, 4th October 1874 as copied into the Adam Mathews Collection, Part 7, reel 8, item 5.
79 R. Eusden, 17.8.1874 in FO archives 46.181
80 Hakodate Shishi Doc 25.
81 R. Eusden 15.8.1874
82 R. Eusden, 20.8.1874
83 R. Eusden, 20.8.1874
84 Letter from Julius Haber dated ‘Breslau, 1st September 1874’. The recipient is not identified and the form is puzzling. It is addressed ‘Honoured friend’ and uses the polite ‘Sie’ (vous) – unusual within a family - but is signed ‘your uncle who values you highly’ (Ihr Sie hochschaetzender Oncle).
The letter requests that the news of the murder be withheld from Ludwig’s sister Ida because she was then breast feeding an infant – probably her son Ernst.
85 Oderblatt, pg 267, 1874
86 Letter from von Brandt to Julius Haber reprinted in Oderblatt 1874, page 315
87 Von Brandt, vol.2, pg. 304
88 Fritz Haber, Aus Leben und Beruf, Julius Springer Verlag, Berlin 1927.
89 Letter from Mr. Toshihiko Fujioka, 10.5.2005
90. Hokkaido Shimbu n, Hakodate Local, 21, 23 and 24th March 1949.